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Incorporation of an Indian company

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    AI Summary
    • An Indian company requires a minimum of two proposed names, at least one of which must reflect the nature of the business, submitted at the name application stage.
    • A sample capital structure includes 10,000 equity shares of INR 10 each, with a paid-up capital of INR 100,000 against an authorized capital of INR 1,000,000.
    • The company must have a minimum of two directors, at least one of whom must be a resident Indian, and a minimum of two shareholders.
    • A registered office requires a commercial property or office address, and virtual office addresses via co-working spaces are also acceptable.
    • Step 1 of incorporation is obtaining Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) for directors and shareholders, with an approximate turnaround time of 2 days, requiring Aadhar or PAN card, contact details, and a photograph.
    • Step 2 involves filing the name application via SPICe+ Part A, with an approximate turnaround of 3 days, requiring two proposed names and the NIC code with a business description.
    • Step 3 requires filing incorporation documents via SPICe+ Part B within approximately 1 day, and KYC documents of foreign directors or shareholders must be apostilled and notarized in their home country.
    • Post-incorporation filings include Form ADT-1 for auditor appointment and Form INC-20A confirming receipt of subscription money, each with an approximate turnaround of 2 days, before share certificates can be issued.
    • Foreign investment requires filing Form FC-GPR with the RBI within approximately 2 days of receiving the FIRC and KYC from the AD bank, along with entity master and business user registration on the FIRMS portal.

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      Pre-requisites for incorporation

      Proposed Name•Name to be available and unique. Should contain the nature of business •Minimum 2 names to be proposed
      Share Capital•Authorized and paid-up share capital to be determined •Sample capital structure: -10,000 equity shares of INR 10 per share -Total paid-up capital of INR 100,000 -Total authorized capital of INR 1,000,000
      Directors•Minimum 2 directors required •Minimum 1 director to mandatorily be Indian resident
      Shareholders•Minimum 2 shareholders required
      Registered Office Address•Commercial property/office location required as registered address •Services of co-working office spaces can also be availed for virtual office address

      Incorporation process

      Step 1 – Obtain DSC of directors & shareholders

      Approx TAT: 2 Days Key documents/information required to be filed: Aadhar/PAN card, contact no. & email address and photo of individual

      Step 2 – File for name application

      Approx TAT: 3 Days Form: Spice+ Part-A Key documents/information required to be filed:

      a. 2 proposed names of company b. NIC code along with 2-3 sentences about proposed business of company

      Step 3 – File incorporation documents

      Approx TAT: 1 Days Form: Spice+ Part-B Key documents/information required to be filed:

      A. Shareholder and director details + KYC proofs

      • KYC documents of foreign director and shareholder need to be apostilled and notarized in home country

      B. Company details – Share capital (authorized and paid up), registered office address, email address and contact no.

      Note: TAT is subject to MCA website

      • On approval of spice forms, company incorporation is complete
      • Certificate of incorporation, PAN, and TAN are issued to the company
      • Company can open bank account

      Post – incorporation process

      STEP 1 – Post incorporation filings

      A. FORM ADT 1 Approx TAT: 2 Days Key documents and information required to be filed:

      – Auditor details – Name of auditor/auditor’s firm along with partner’s name, PAN, Membership no., registered address, email address, written consent & certificate stating he/she is not disqualified for appointment

      – Company’s board resolution appointing such auditor B. FORM INC 20A Approx TAT: 2 Days Key documents/information required to be file: Bank statement of company showing inward receipt of subscription money from subscribers

      • Company can issue share certificates to its shareholders

      STEP 2 – RBI filing in case of foreign investor

      Form: FC-GPR Approx TAT: 2 Days* (*2 days from receipt of FIRC and KYC from AD bankKey documents/information required to be filed: FIRC and KYC for the fund transfer in foreign exchange entity master registration and business user registration to be obtained on FIRMS portal

      Obtain initial registrations:

      • Shops & establishment registration
      • Profession tax registration
      • GST registration
      • Udyog Aadhar/MSME registration
      • Startup India registration
      • Angel tax exemption

      For further details on licenses and registrations, refer to the document attached here.

      About the Author
      Garima Mitra
      Garima Mitra social-linkedin
      Co-founder | garima@treelife.in

      Spearheads Transactions, Contracts, and Compliance verticals. Combines expertise in business law and a passion for social impact to shape the legal and financial ecosystem for startups.

      Pooja Savla
      Pooja Savla social-linkedin
      Principal Associate | Transactions | pooja.s@treelife.in

      Specializes in transaction advisory, including mergers and acquisitions, investment structuring, and corporate legal matters. Combines a strong background in law and finance to drive seamless transactions and business growth.

      We Are Problem Solvers. And Take Accountability.

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