Treelife Resources

A company that reduces its share capital under section 66 of the Companies Act, 2013 is permanently cutting down its issued, subscribed or paid-up capital, and it cannot do this on a board decision alone. It needs a special resolution passed by three-fourths of the votes cast, and it needs…

A board resolution is the written record of a decision taken by a company’s board of directors, and under the Companies Act, 2013 it is the only form in which certain decisions can legally be made. Founders usually meet this requirement for the first time when a bank asks for…

A Legal Entity Identifier is a 20 character alphanumeric code that uniquely identifies a company, LLP, trust or other non-individual entity in every financial transaction it enters into, anywhere in the world. In India, LEI registration is not optional once an entity crosses specific thresholds set by the Reserve Bank…

Authorised share capital is the ceiling on how many shares a company is legally permitted to issue, and it is fixed at incorporation, usually at a low figure such as ₹1 lakh or ₹10 lakh. Every funding round, ESOP pool, bonus issue or debt to equity conversion that pushes total…

Once a company has confirmed it is covered under Section 135 and has a CSR budget to deploy, two checks decide whether that spend actually counts. First, does the implementing agency hold a CSR Registration Number under Form CSR-1 that remains valid under the tightened eligibility test introduced in July…

A company that reduces its share capital under section 66 of the Companies Act, 2013 is permanently cutting down its issued, subscribed or paid-up capital, and it cannot do this on a board decision alone. It needs a special resolution passed by three-fourths of the votes cast, and it needs…

Authorised share capital is the ceiling on how many shares a company is legally permitted to issue, and it is fixed at incorporation, usually at a low figure such as ₹1 lakh or ₹10 lakh. Every funding round, ESOP pool, bonus issue or debt to equity conversion that pushes total…

Once a company has confirmed it is covered under Section 135 and has a CSR budget to deploy, two checks decide whether that spend actually counts. First, does the implementing agency hold a CSR Registration Number under Form CSR-1 that remains valid under the tightened eligibility test introduced in July…

Section 3(k) of the Patents Act 1970 is read by most founders as a ban on software patents in India. It is not. It excludes four things, and the only one qualified by the words “per se” is the computer programme, which is why an invention delivering a technical solution…

A trademark objection reply is the formal, deadline-bound response an applicant files when the Trade Marks Registry or a third party challenges a pending trademark application. For most D2C and consumer brands, this challenge arrives in one of two forms: an examination report objection raised by the Registry itself, or…

SEBI issued its updated Master Circular for Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs) on 03 June 2026, consolidating every circular, clarification, and regulatory change issued under the SEBI (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 up to 31 May 2026. The document runs 153 pages across 25 chapters and supersedes the previous Master Circular…

The Reserve Bank of India held its benchmark repo rate steady at 5.25% at the June 2026 Monetary Policy Committee meeting, unanimously, under Governor Sanjay Malhotra. This is the third meeting in a row that the rate has stayed put, following a run of 150 basis point cuts between February…

India’s Cabinet approved an amendment to Press Note 3 (PN3) of 2020 in March 2026, and it is generating significant attention across the investment and startup community. Headlines have rushed to label it a sweeping FDI liberalisation. The reality is considerably more targeted. This report breaks down exactly what changed,…

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) recently announced a major overhaul to the regulatory framework for Angel Funds under the Alternative Investment Funds (AIF) Regulations, 2012. This new framework, introduced in 2025, aims to enhance transparency, improve operational clarity, and encourage investor participation. In this article, we’ll explore…

In a significant move to invigorate India’s startup ecosystem, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), during its board meeting on June 19, 2025, approved substantial changes to the Angel Fund Framework. These revisions are designed to unlock more capital for early-stage companies while simultaneously ensuring enhanced investor suitability…