Treelife Resources

Introduction This article analyzes Material Adverse Effect (“MAE”) clauses in the transaction documents with specific focus on regulatory changes. What is Material Adverse Effect? A Material Adverse Effect means occurrence of events or circumstances that affect: (a) substantially and adversely the business, operations, assets, liabilities, or financial condition of the…

What is the Process for Setting Up a Foreign Business in India? Setting up a foreign business in India involves a systematic process with legal, financial, and regulatory requirements. India offers multiple entry options for foreign companies, including wholly-owned subsidiaries, joint ventures, branch offices, liaison offices, and project offices. Understanding…

Executive Summary This research note provides a comprehensive analysis of the taxation and regulatory framework governing investments in derivatives (futures and options) and listed equity shares in India as of August 2025. The analysis covers both resident Indian investors and non-resident investors, highlighting the distinct treatment under tax laws, securities…

Launched in 2014, the ‘Make in India’ (MII) initiative represents a cornerstone of the Indian government’s economic strategy, aiming to transform the nation into a global hub for manufacturing, design, and innovation. The initiative seeks to increase the manufacturing sector’s contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), attract significant foreign…

Understanding iSAFE Notes: A Deep Dive What Are iSAFE Notes in India? India’s startup ecosystem has witnessed the emergence of various funding tools designed to address the challenges of early-stage fundraising. Among these, the India Simple Agreement for Future Equity (“iSAFE”) notes have gained traction as an innovative funding mechanism…

Understanding iSAFE Notes: A Deep Dive What Are iSAFE Notes in India? India’s startup ecosystem has witnessed the emergence of various funding tools designed to address the challenges of early-stage fundraising. Among these, the India Simple Agreement for Future Equity (“iSAFE”) notes have gained traction as an innovative funding mechanism…

This test helps you identify whether a condition should be classified as a Condition Precedent (CP) in a Share Subscription Agreement (SSA). Conditions Precedent must be fulfilled before the transaction can close or shares can be issued. Step 1: Does this condition need to be fulfilled before the transaction can…

Investment transactions in India involve a structured approach with specific conditions that must be met at various stages to ensure legal compliance and protect the interests of all parties involved. Understanding these conditions is crucial for investors, entrepreneurs, and legal professionals navigating the investment landscape. This guide outlines the key…

In the dynamic landscape of startup investments, understanding the intricacies of Event of Default (EoD) clauses in shareholders’ agreements is crucial for both companies and investors. Having recently reviewed several such agreements, I’ve gained valuable insights that I’d like to share with the legal community. What is an Event of…

Introduction Under Section 124 of the Indian Contracts Act, 1872, indemnity is defined as a contract where one party (the “Indemnifying Party”) agrees to compensate another party (the “Indemnified Party”) for any loss incurred due to the actions of the indemnifying party or the conduct of any other person. In…

In a significant move to invigorate India’s startup ecosystem, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), during its board meeting on June 19, 2025, approved substantial changes to the Angel Fund Framework. These revisions are designed to unlock more capital for early-stage companies while simultaneously ensuring enhanced investor suitability…

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has officially unveiled revised certification requirements for key investment personnel of Alternative Investment Fund (AIF) managers. This crucial update, detailed in SEBI circular F. No. SEBI/LAD-NRO/GN/2025/249 dated June 25, 2025, aims to enhance professional standards and ensure a higher level of expertise…

In a significant stride towards enhancing the appeal and accessibility of India’s International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) at GIFT City, the International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) has approved a groundbreaking “Platform Play” model for Fund Management Entities (FMEs). This pivotal decision was made during the 24th IFSCA Authority Meeting…

In a significant move set to bolster the International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) ecosystem, the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has issued Notification No. 67/2025 on June 20, 2025. This notification, effective from July 1, 2025, exempts certain payments made by mainland entities to eligible units in GIFT City…

Effective April 10, 2025, the Gujarat Stamp (Amendment) Act, 2025, has introduced a significant expansion to the definition of “Conveyance.” This amendment now explicitly includes “any agreement for takeover of management or control of a company through transfer or purchase of shares.” This represents a major shift in the state’s…