Treelife Resources

Introduction: Understanding Directors’ Liabilities in India Directors play a critical role in shaping the governance and operations of a company, making decisions that affect both the company and its stakeholders. Under the Companies Act, 2013, (hereinafter “the Act”) the liabilities of directors have become more defined and stringent, creating a…

About India’s Foreign Trade Policy India’s Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) serves as the cornerstone for the nation’s engagement with the global economy, outlining strategies and support mechanisms to enhance international trade. The current policy framework, FTP 2023, marks a significant shift, moving towards a dynamic, facilitation-focused approach that emphasizes remission…

Introduction to Accounting and Taxation Services Brief Overview of Accounting and Taxation Services Accounting and taxation services encompass essential business functions focused on recording financial transactions, preparing accurate financial statements, and ensuring compliance with taxation laws. These services form the backbone of financial management, enabling businesses—from startups to established enterprises—to…

What are Bookkeeping Services for Small Businesses? Definition and Overview Bookkeeping services for small businesses are professional services that manage the financial records of a company. These services include a wide range of tasks designed to keep track of the financial health of the business. Core activities in bookkeeping involve:…

Introduction  A company’s transition from private to public ownership is marked by an Initial Public Offering (IPO), enabling it to raise capital for growth, debt repayment, or acquisitions. While an IPO offers greater visibility and access to funds, it also brings challenges such as regulatory scrutiny and increased shareholder expectations….

Stock Appreciation Rights (“SARs”) offer a compelling form of employee compensation, allowing beneficiaries to enjoy an increase in the company’s valuation over time without the necessity to purchase or own actual shares. This predetermined timeframe for appreciation has seen SARs become increasingly popular in India as a viable alternative to…

On January 3, 2025, the Union Government released the draft Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 1 (“Draft Rules”). Formulated under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (“DPDP Act”), the Draft Rules have been published for public consultation, with objections and suggestions on the same to be provided to…

Introduction Security of sensitive business information, protection of intellectual property and trade secrets and trust in collaborations are critical aspects of business security in an increasingly competitive and data-driven market today. It is to this effect that businesses typically execute non disclosure agreement (“NDA”), which imposes a contractual obligation on…

Introduction Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) have emerged as transformative business strategies in the Indian economic landscape, reshaping industries and fostering innovation. At its core, mergers involve the integration of two companies into a single entity, while acquisitions refer to one company taking control over another. Together, these strategies drive growth,…

Cyber threats are evolving, and for entities operating in GIFT IFSC, staying ahead is not just strategic, rather it’s essential. As GIFT IFSC grows into a global financial powerhouse, the complexity of cyber risks also intensifies. Recognizing this, the International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) has introduced the “𝐺𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑛…

Strengthening the Regulatory Landscape at GIFT IFSC The International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) continues to enhance the regulatory landscape at GIFT IFSC, driving global competitiveness and ease of doing business. On February 26, 2025, IFSCA introduced key circulars and consultation papers aimed at providing greater clarity, easing compliance, and…

The international tax landscape is off to a dynamic start in 2025. On one hand, President Donald Trump, after assuming office on 20th January, announced the U.S.’s withdrawal from its commitment to OECD’s global minimum tax, sparking uncertainties around Pillar 2 implementation worldwide. On the other hand, Indian tax authorities…

The International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) on 19 February 2025, has notified the updated IFSCA (Fund Management) Regulations, 2022. Most of them are in line with the changes proposed in December 2024. Here’s a quick summary of the new provisions for funds in GIFT IFSC: Non-retail schemes (Venture Capital…

IFSCA has amended the circular on permissible transactions through Special Non-Resident Rupee (SNRR) accounts to bring much-needed regulatory clarity and flexibility for IFSC units. Previously, IFSC units faced restrictions on using SNRR accounts outside the IFSC for business-related transactions. Now, pursuant to this circular: IFSC units now have the flexibility…